Home Network Risk Assessment Calculator
Evaluate your home network's security risk score based on router configuration, device count, password strength, encryption, and usage habits. A lower score indicates a more secure network.
How old is your primary router?
WPA2/WPA3 supports up to 63 characters.
Include phones, laptops, smart TVs, IoT devices, etc.
Smart bulbs, cameras, thermostats, voice assistants, etc.
Formula
Total Risk Score (0–100) =
Rrouter + Rfirmware + Rencryption + Rcredentials
+ Rpassword + Rdevices + Riot + Rnetwork + Rbehavior
- Rrouter = min(age / 10, 1) × 10 [max 10 pts] — older routers lack security patches
- Rfirmware = (1 − firmwareUpdated) × 8 [max 8 pts]
- Rencryption = {None: 20, WEP: 16, WPA: 10, WPA2: 4, WPA3: 0} [max 20 pts]
- Rcredentials = defaultCreds × 15 [max 15 pts]
- Rpassword = max(0, 1 − pwdLength / 20) × 12 [max 12 pts] — 20+ char password = 0 risk
- Rdevices = min(deviceCount / 30, 1) × 10 [max 10 pts] — larger attack surface
- Riot = min(iotCount / 10, 1) × 10 [max 10 pts] — IoT devices often poorly secured
- Rnetwork = clamp(10 − guestNet×3 − firewall×4 − vpn×3 + remoteMgmt×5, 0, 15) [max 15 pts]
- Rbehavior = (publicWifiFreq / 3) × 10 [max 10 pts]
Final score is clamped to [0, 100]. Lower is better.
Risk Levels: 0–19 Very Low | 20–39 Low | 40–59 Moderate | 60–79 High | 80–100 Critical
Assumptions & References
- Router age risk is linear up to 10 years; routers beyond 10 years are assumed to receive no security updates (NIST SP 800-189).
- WEP encryption has been cryptographically broken since 2001 and is assigned near-maximum encryption risk (IEEE 802.11 standards).
- WPA3 (IEEE 802.11-2020) provides Simultaneous Authentication of Equals (SAE) and is considered the current gold standard.
- Default router credentials are a leading cause of home network compromise (Verizon DBIR 2023).
- Password entropy proxy uses length as a simplified metric; a 20-character password provides ~130 bits of entropy with mixed characters (NIST SP 800-63B).
- Each additional connected device expands the attack surface; 30 devices is used as a high-density household threshold (Cisco Annual Internet Report 2023).
- IoT devices frequently ship with weak default credentials and unpatched firmware (OWASP IoT Top 10).
- Guest networks isolate IoT and visitor traffic from primary devices, reducing lateral movement risk.
- Remote management (WAN-side access) significantly increases router exposure to internet-based attacks.
- Public Wi-Fi usage increases risk of credential interception and man-in-the-middle attacks (FTC Consumer Guidance).
- This calculator provides an indicative risk score and does not replace a professional network security audit.