Structural Moisture Content Calculator
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.calc-container { max-width: 640px; margin: 2rem 0; padding: 1.5rem; background: #fff; border: 1px solid #ddd; border-radius: 8px; box-shadow: 0 1px 3px rgba(0,0,0,0.06); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, sans-serif; } .calc-container h3 { font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 1.15rem; color: #1a1a1a; margin-bottom: 1rem; padding-bottom: 0.5rem; border-bottom: 2px solid var(--ac, #3d5a80); } .calc-row { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 0.75rem; margin-bottom: 0.75rem; flex-wrap: wrap; } .calc-row label { min-width: 160px; font-size: 0.9rem; color: #333; font-weight: 500; } .calc-row input[type="number"], .calc-row select { flex: 1; min-width: 120px; max-width: 200px; padding: 0.5rem 0.6rem; border: 1px solid #ccc; border-radius: 4px; font-size: 0.9rem; font-family: system-ui, sans-serif; color: #1a1a1a; background: #fafaf8; } .calc-row input:focus, .calc-row select:focus { outline: none; border-color: var(--ac, #3d5a80); box-shadow: 0 0 0 2px rgba(26,74,138,0.12); } .calc-row .unit { font-size: 0.82rem; color: #888; min-width: 30px; } .calc-btn { display: inline-block; margin-top: 0.5rem; padding: 0.55rem 1.5rem; background: var(--ac, #3d5a80); color: #fff; border: none; border-radius: 4px; font-size: 0.9rem; font-weight: 600; cursor: pointer; font-family: system-ui, sans-serif; } .calc-btn:hover { opacity: 0.9; } .calc-result { margin-top: 1.25rem; padding: 1rem 1.25rem; background: #f0f6fc; border-left: 3px solid var(--ac, #3d5a80); border-radius: 0 6px 6px 0; display: none; } .calc-result.visible { display: block; } .calc-result-label { font-size: 0.78rem; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: 0.06em; color: #666; margin-bottom: 0.25rem; } .calc-result-value { font-size: 1.6rem; font-weight: 700; color: var(--ac, #3d5a80); } .calc-result-detail { font-size: 0.85rem; color: #555; margin-top: 0.5rem; line-height: 1.5; } .calc-note { margin-top: 1rem; font-size: 0.8rem; color: #888; font-style: italic; } .calc-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; gap: 0.75rem; margin-top: 0.75rem; } .calc-grid-item { padding: 0.6rem 0.8rem; background: #f8f9fa; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid #eee; } .calc-grid-item .label { font-size: 0.75rem; color: #888; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: 0.04em; } .calc-grid-item .value { font-size: 1.1rem; font-weight: 600; color: #1a1a1a; } @media (max-width: 720px) { .calc-row { flex-direction: column; align-items: flex-start; gap: 0.3rem; } .calc-row label { min-width: auto; } .calc-row input[type="number"], .calc-row select { max-width: 100%; width: 100%; } .calc-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; } } .calc-chart { margin: 1rem 0; text-align: center; } .calc-chart svg { max-width: 100%; height: auto; } .calc-chart-legend { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; justify-content: center; gap: 0.6rem 1.2rem; margin-top: 0.6rem; font-size: 0.8rem; color: #555; } .calc-chart-legend span { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 0.3rem; } .calc-chart-legend i { display: inline-block; width: 10px; height: 10px; border-radius: 2px; font-style: normal; } .calc-related { max-width: 640px; margin: 2rem 0 1rem; padding: 1.25rem 1.5rem; background: #f8f9fa; border: 1px solid #e8e8e8; border-radius: 8px; } .calc-related h3 { font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 1rem; color: #1a1a1a; margin: 0 0 0.75rem; padding-bottom: 0.4rem; border-bottom: 2px solid var(--ac, #3d5a80); } .calc-related-list { list-style: none; padding: 0; margin: 0 0 0.75rem; display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; gap: 0.4rem 1.5rem; } .calc-related-list li a { font-size: 0.88rem; color: var(--ac, #3d5a80); text-decoration: none; } .calc-related-list li a:hover { text-decoration: underline; } .calc-browse-all { margin: 0.5rem 0 0; font-size: 0.9rem; font-weight: 600; } .calc-browse-all a { color: var(--ac, #3d5a80); text-decoration: none; } .calc-browse-all a:hover { text-decoration: underline; } @media (max-width: 720px) { .calc-related-list { grid-template-columns: 1fr; } }
Structural Moisture Content Calculator
Calculate the moisture content of structural materials (timber, concrete, masonry, soil) based on wet and dry mass measurements per ASTM D2216 / AS 1289.2.1.1.
Wet Mass (g)
Oven-Dry Mass (g)
Material Type
Timber / Wood Concrete Masonry / Brick Soil / Fill Other
Calculate
Enter wet and dry mass values above to calculate moisture content.
function smcCalc() { var wetMassInput = document.getElementById('smc_wet_mass'); var dryMassInput = document.getElementById('smc_dry_mass'); var materialSel = document.getElementById('smc_material'); var resultDiv = document.getElementById('smc_result');
var wetMass = parseFloat(wetMassInput.value); var dryMass = parseFloat(dryMassInput.value); var material = materialSel.value;
// --- Input validation --- if (isNaN(wetMass) || isNaN(dryMass)) { resultDiv.innerHTML = '⚠ Please enter valid numeric values for both wet and dry mass.'; return; } if (wetMass ⚠ Both mass values must be greater than zero.'; return; } if (dryMass > wetMass) { resultDiv.innerHTML = '⚠ Oven-dry mass cannot exceed wet mass. Please check your inputs.'; return; } if (wetMass > 1e7 || dryMass > 1e7) { resultDiv.innerHTML = '⚠ Mass values seem unrealistically large. Please check your inputs.'; return; }
// --- Core formula: MC (%) = ((Mw - Md) / Md) × 100 --- var waterMass = wetMass - dryMass; var mc = (waterMass / dryMass) * 100;
// --- Saturation ratio (water mass / dry mass) --- var satRatio = waterMass / dryMass;
// --- Fibre Saturation Point reference (timber only ~28-30%) --- var fspNote = ''; if (material === 'timber') { if (mc = 19 && mc ✓ Within acceptable limit (≤ ' + limit.max + '%) — ' + limit.label + ''; } else { statusMsg = '⚠ Exceeds acceptable limit (> ' + limit.max + '%) — ' + limit.label + ''; } } else { statusMsg = 'ℹ ' + limit.label + ''; }
// --- Void ratio approximation (simplified, assumes particle density ~2.65 g/cm³ for soil) --- var voidNote = ''; if (material === 'soil') { var Gs = 2.65; // assumed specific gravity of solids var Sr_approx = (mc / 100) * Gs; // simplified degree of saturation proxy voidNote = 'Degree of Saturation Proxy (S·Gs)' + Sr_approx.toFixed(3) + ''; }
// --- Build result table --- var materialLabel = materialSel.options[materialSel.selectedIndex].text;
resultDiv.innerHTML = '### Results ' + '' + 'ParameterValue' + 'Material' + materialLabel + '' + 'Wet Mass (Mw)' + wetMass.toFixed(3) + ' g' + 'Oven-Dry Mass (Md)' + dryMass.toFixed(3) + ' g' + 'Mass of Water (Mw − Md)' + waterMass.toFixed(3) + ' g' + 'Moisture Content (MC)' + mc.toFixed(2) + ' %' + 'Water-to-Dry-Mass Ratio' + satRatio.toFixed(4) + '' + voidNote + '' + '' + statusMsg + '
' + (fspNote ? '' + fspNote + '
' : ''); }
#### Formula
Moisture Content (MC) is defined as the ratio of the mass of water to the oven-dry mass of the material, expressed as a percentage:
MC (%) = [ (Mwet − Mdry) / Mdry ] × 100
Where:
- Mwet = Mass of specimen in its natural/wet state (g)
- Mdry = Mass of specimen after oven-drying to constant mass (g) — typically at 105 ± 5 °C for soil/masonry, or 103 ± 2 °C for timber
- Mwet − Mdry = Mass of evaporable water (g)
Note: MC for timber is expressed on a dry-mass basis (as above). Some references use a wet-mass basis [MCwb = (Mwet − Mdry) / Mwet × 100], but the dry-mass basis is standard for structural engineering.
#### Assumptions & References
- Standards: ASTM D2216, ASTM D4442, AS 1289.2.1.1, AS/NZS 1080.1, AS 1720.1, AS 3700, EN 13183-1.
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