Hydro Jetting Pressure & Flow Rate Calculator

ANA›Life Services Authority›National Calculator Authority›Hydro Jetting Pressure & Flow Rate Calculator

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Hydro Jetting Pressure & Flow Rate Calculator

Calculate the required pressure, flow rate, nozzle velocity, hydraulic horsepower, and impact force for hydro jetting operations based on nozzle specifications and system parameters.

Nozzle Orifice Diameter (inches)

Typical range: 0.010" – 0.250"

Number of Orifices

Total orifices on the nozzle (forward + rear jets)

Operating Pressure (PSI)

Typical range: 1,500 – 40,000 PSI

Nozzle Discharge Coefficient (Cd)

Typically 0.95 – 0.98 for sharp-edged orifices

Pipe / Hose Inner Diameter (inches)

Inner diameter of the supply hose or pipe

Fluid Density (lb/ft³)

Water ≈ 62.4 lb/ft³; use higher value for additives

Calculate

function hydCalc() { const resultDiv = document.getElementById('hyd-result'); resultDiv.style.display = 'none'; resultDiv.innerHTML = '';

// --- Gather inputs --- const dOrificeIn = parseFloat(document.getElementById('hyd-nozzle-orifice').value); const numOrifices = parseInt(document.getElementById('hyd-num-orifices').value); const pressurePSI = parseFloat(document.getElementById('hyd-pressure').value); const Cd = parseFloat(document.getElementById('hyd-cd').value); const dPipeIn = parseFloat(document.getElementById('hyd-pipe-diameter').value); const rhoLbFt3 = parseFloat(document.getElementById('hyd-fluid-density').value);

// --- Validation --- const errors = []; if (isNaN(dOrificeIn) || dOrificeIn 1.00) errors.push("Discharge coefficient (Cd) must be between 0.60 and 1.00."); if (isNaN(dPipeIn) || dPipeIn = dPipeIn) errors.push("Nozzle orifice diameter must be smaller than the pipe inner diameter.");

if (errors.length > 0) { resultDiv.innerHTML = 'Please fix the following:' + errors.map(e => '').join('') + ''; resultDiv.style.display = 'block'; return; }

// ===================================================================== // FORMULAS // ===================================================================== // 1. Convert units // Pressure: PSI → lb/ft² (1 PSI = 144 lb/ft²) // Diameter: inches → feet const pressureLbFt2 = pressurePSI * 144.0; // lb/ft² const dOrifFt = dOrificeIn / 12.0; // ft const dPipeFt = dPipeIn / 12.0; // ft

// 2. Single-orifice area (ft²) // A_orifice = π/4 × d² const aOrificeFt2 = (Math.PI / 4.0) * Math.pow(dOrifFt, 2);

// 3. Nozzle exit velocity (ft/s) — Torricelli / orifice equation // v = Cd × √(2 × ΔP / ρ) // where ΔP in lb/ft², ρ in lb/ft³ → v in ft/s // (lb/ft² ÷ lb/ft³ = ft, √ft = ft^0.5 … needs gc) // Using gc = 32.174 lbm·ft/(lbf·s²): // v = Cd × √(2 × gc × ΔP / ρ) const gc = 32.174; // lbm·ft / (lbf·s²) const velocityFtS = Cd * Math.sqrt(2.0 * gc * pressureLbFt2 / rhoLbFt3); const velocityMPH = velocityFtS * 0.681818; const velocityMS = velocityFtS * 0.3048;

// 4. Flow rate per orifice (ft³/s) // Q_single = Cd × A_orifice × v_ideal // But since v already includes Cd, use: // Q_single = A_orifice × v (Cd already in v) const qSingleFt3S = aOrificeFt2 * velocityFtS;

// 5. Total flow rate (all orifices) const qTotalFt3S = qSingleFt3S * numOrifices; const qTotalGPM = qTotalFt3S * 448.831; // 1 ft³/s = 448.831 GPM const qTotalLPM = qTotalGPM * 3.78541;

// 6. Hydraulic Horsepower (HHP) // HHP = (P × Q) / 1714 // where P in PSI, Q in GPM const hhp = (pressurePSI * qTotalGPM) / 1714.0; const kW = hhp * 0.7457;

// 7. Nozzle impact force (lbf) // F = ρ × Q_total × v / gc // (momentum flux: F = ṁ × v = ρ × Q × v, with gc for unit conversion) // ρ in lb/ft³, Q in ft³/s, v in ft/s → F in lbf const impactForceLbf = (rhoLbFt3 * qTotalFt3S * velocityFtS) / gc; const impactForceN = impactForceLbf * 4.44822;

// 8. Pipe supply velocity (ft/s) // v_pipe = Q_total / A_pipe const aPipeFt2 = (Math.PI / 4.0) * Math.pow(dPipeFt, 2); const vPipeFtS = qTotalFt3S / aPipeFt2; const vPipeMS = vPipeFtS * 0.3048;

// 9. Pressure loss check — pipe velocity should be 20
? '⚠ Pipe velocity exceeds 20 ft/s — consider larger supply hose to reduce friction losses.'
'✔ Pipe velocity is within acceptable range.';

// 10. Nozzle size in "orifice units" (1 unit = 1/100 inch, common industry notation) const nozzleSizeUnits = (dOrificeIn * 100).toFixed(1);

// ===================================================================== // OUTPUT // ===================================================================== resultDiv.innerHTML = ` ### Results

ParameterValue Nozzle Size (industry units)${nozzleSizeUnits} (1/100 in) Single-Orifice Area${(aOrificeFt2 * 144).toExponential(4)} in² Nozzle Exit Velocity${velocityFtS.toFixed(1)} ft/s  |  ${velocityMPH.toFixed(1)} mph  |  ${velocityMS.toFixed(1)} m/s Flow Rate (per orifice)${(qSingleFt3S * 448.831).toFixed(3)} GPM Total Flow Rate (${numOrifices} orifice${numOrifices>1?'s':''})${qTotalGPM.toFixed(3)} GPM  |  ${qTotalLPM.toFixed(2)} L/min Hydraulic Horsepower (HHP)${hhp.toFixed(2)} HP  |  ${kW.toFixed(2)} kW Nozzle Impact Force${impactForceLbf.toFixed(2)} lbf  |  ${impactForceN.toFixed(2)} N Supply Pipe Velocity${vPipeFtS.toFixed(2)} ft/s  |  ${vPipeMS.toFixed(2)} m/s

${pipeVelocityWarning}

`; resultDiv.style.display = 'block'; }

#### Formulas Used

1. Nozzle Exit Velocity (Torricelli / Orifice Equation):

v = Cd × √(2 × gc × ΔP / ρ)

Where: Cd = discharge coefficient, gc = 32.174 lbm·ft/(lbf·s²), ΔP = pressure differential (lb/ft²), ρ = fluid density (lb/ft³)

2. Flow Rate per Orifice:

Qsingle = Aorifice × v

Where: Aorifice = π/4 × d² (orifice cross-sectional area)

3. Total Flow Rate:

Qtotal = Qsingle × Norifices

4. Hydraulic Horsepower (HHP):

HHP = (P [PSI] × Q [GPM]) / 1714

The constant 1714 = 33,000 ft·lbf/min ÷ (231 in³/gal × 1/144 ft²/in²)

5. Nozzle Impact Force (Momentum Flux):

F = (ρ × Qtotal × v) / gc

Derived from Newton's 2nd Law: force equals the rate of momentum change of the fluid jet.

6. Supply Pipe Velocity:

vpipe = Qtotal / Apipe

#### Assumptions & References

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References

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