Network Latency & Throughput Calculator

ANA›Life Services Authority›National Calculator Authority›Network Latency & Throughput Calculator

.calc-container { max-width: 640px; margin: 2rem 0; padding: 1.5rem; background: #fff; border: 1px solid #ddd; border-radius: 8px; box-shadow: 0 1px 3px rgba(0,0,0,0.06); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, sans-serif; } .calc-container h3 { font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 1.15rem; color: #1a1a1a; margin-bottom: 1rem; padding-bottom: 0.5rem; border-bottom: 2px solid var(--ac, #3d5a80); } .calc-row { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 0.75rem; margin-bottom: 0.75rem; flex-wrap: wrap; } .calc-row label { min-width: 160px; font-size: 0.9rem; color: #333; font-weight: 500; } .calc-row input[type="number"], .calc-row select { flex: 1; min-width: 120px; max-width: 200px; padding: 0.5rem 0.6rem; border: 1px solid #ccc; border-radius: 4px; font-size: 0.9rem; font-family: system-ui, sans-serif; color: #1a1a1a; background: #fafaf8; } .calc-row input:focus, .calc-row select:focus { outline: none; border-color: var(--ac, #3d5a80); box-shadow: 0 0 0 2px rgba(26,74,138,0.12); } .calc-row .unit { font-size: 0.82rem; color: #888; min-width: 30px; } .calc-btn { display: inline-block; margin-top: 0.5rem; padding: 0.55rem 1.5rem; background: var(--ac, #3d5a80); color: #fff; border: none; border-radius: 4px; font-size: 0.9rem; font-weight: 600; cursor: pointer; font-family: system-ui, sans-serif; } .calc-btn:hover { opacity: 0.9; } .calc-result { margin-top: 1.25rem; padding: 1rem 1.25rem; background: #f0f6fc; border-left: 3px solid var(--ac, #3d5a80); border-radius: 0 6px 6px 0; display: none; } .calc-result.visible { display: block; } .calc-result-label { font-size: 0.78rem; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: 0.06em; color: #666; margin-bottom: 0.25rem; } .calc-result-value { font-size: 1.6rem; font-weight: 700; color: var(--ac, #3d5a80); } .calc-result-detail { font-size: 0.85rem; color: #555; margin-top: 0.5rem; line-height: 1.5; } .calc-note { margin-top: 1rem; font-size: 0.8rem; color: #888; font-style: italic; } .calc-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; gap: 0.75rem; margin-top: 0.75rem; } .calc-grid-item { padding: 0.6rem 0.8rem; background: #f8f9fa; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid #eee; } .calc-grid-item .label { font-size: 0.75rem; color: #888; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: 0.04em; } .calc-grid-item .value { font-size: 1.1rem; font-weight: 600; color: #1a1a1a; } @media (max-width: 720px) { .calc-row { flex-direction: column; align-items: flex-start; gap: 0.3rem; } .calc-row label { min-width: auto; } .calc-row input[type="number"], .calc-row select { max-width: 100%; width: 100%; } .calc-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; } } .calc-chart { margin: 1rem 0; text-align: center; } .calc-chart svg { max-width: 100%; height: auto; } .calc-chart-legend { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; justify-content: center; gap: 0.6rem 1.2rem; margin-top: 0.6rem; font-size: 0.8rem; color: #555; } .calc-chart-legend span { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 0.3rem; } .calc-chart-legend i { display: inline-block; width: 10px; height: 10px; border-radius: 2px; font-style: normal; } .calc-related { max-width: 640px; margin: 2rem 0 1rem; padding: 1.25rem 1.5rem; background: #f8f9fa; border: 1px solid #e8e8e8; border-radius: 8px; } .calc-related h3 { font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 1rem; color: #1a1a1a; margin: 0 0 0.75rem; padding-bottom: 0.4rem; border-bottom: 2px solid var(--ac, #3d5a80); } .calc-related-list { list-style: none; padding: 0; margin: 0 0 0.75rem; display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; gap: 0.4rem 1.5rem; } .calc-related-list li a { font-size: 0.88rem; color: var(--ac, #3d5a80); text-decoration: none; } .calc-related-list li a:hover { text-decoration: underline; } .calc-browse-all { margin: 0.5rem 0 0; font-size: 0.9rem; font-weight: 600; } .calc-browse-all a { color: var(--ac, #3d5a80); text-decoration: none; } .calc-browse-all a:hover { text-decoration: underline; } @media (max-width: 720px) { .calc-related-list { grid-template-columns: 1fr; } }

Network Latency & Throughput Calculator

Calculate propagation delay, transmission delay, total latency, throughput efficiency, and bandwidth-delay product for network links.

### Link Parameters

Distance (km)

Propagation Medium

Copper / Coaxial (2×10⁸ m/s) Twisted Pair (2×10⁸ m/s) Fiber Optic (2.1×10⁸ m/s) Free Space / Wireless (3×10⁸ m/s) Custom Speed

Propagation Speed (m/s)

Link Bandwidth (Mbps)

Packet / File Size (KB)

### Advanced Parameters

Number of Hops (routers)

Processing Delay per Hop (ms)

Queuing Delay per Hop (ms)

Protocol Overhead (%)

Total File Transfer Size (MB)

Calculate

function netUpdateSpeed() { var sel = document.getElementById('net-medium'); var speedInput = document.getElementById('net-propspeed'); if (sel.value === 'custom') { speedInput.removeAttribute('readonly'); speedInput.style.background = ''; } else { speedInput.value = sel.value; speedInput.setAttribute('readonly', true); speedInput.style.background = '#f0f0f0'; } } // init readonly state netUpdateSpeed();

function netCalc() { var errors = [];

var distKm = parseFloat(document.getElementById('net-distance').value); var propSpeed = parseFloat(document.getElementById('net-propspeed').value); var bwMbps = parseFloat(document.getElementById('net-bandwidth').value); var pktKB = parseFloat(document.getElementById('net-packetsize').value); var hops = parseInt(document.getElementById('net-hops').value) || 1; var procMs = parseFloat(document.getElementById('net-procdelay').value) || 0; var queuMs = parseFloat(document.getElementById('net-queudelay').value) || 0; var overheadPct= parseFloat(document.getElementById('net-protocol').value) || 0; var fileMB = parseFloat(document.getElementById('net-filesize').value);

if (isNaN(distKm) || distKm 0 m/s."); if (isNaN(bwMbps) || bwMbps 0 Mbps."); if (isNaN(pktKB) || pktKB 0 KB."); if (hops = 100) errors.push("Protocol overhead must be between 0 and 99%.");

var res = document.getElementById('net-result'); if (errors.length > 0) { res.innerHTML = '⚠ ' + errors.join('⚠ ') + ''; return; }

// ── Core calculations ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────

// 1. Propagation delay (one-way) // t_prop = distance / propagation_speed var distM = distKm * 1000; // metres var tPropSec = distM / propSpeed; // seconds var tPropMs = tPropSec * 1000; // milliseconds

// 2. Transmission delay (time to push packet onto wire) // t_trans = packet_size / bandwidth var pktBits = pktKB * 1024 * 8; // bits var bwBps = bwMbps * 1e6; // bits per second var tTransSec = pktBits / bwBps; // seconds var tTransMs = tTransSec * 1000; // milliseconds

// 3. Per-hop delays var tProcTotal = hops * procMs; // ms var tQueuTotal = hops * queuMs; // ms

// 4. Total one-way latency // L = t_prop + hops * t_trans + hops * t_proc + hops * t_queue var tTotalMs = tPropMs + hops * tTransMs + tProcTotal + tQueuTotal;

// 5. Round-trip time (RTT) var rttMs = 2 * tTotalMs;

// 6. Bandwidth-Delay Product (BDP) // BDP = bandwidth × RTT (bits "in flight") var bdpBits = bwBps * (rttMs / 1000); var bdpMB = bdpBits / (8 * 1024 * 1024);

// 7. Effective throughput after protocol overhead // T_eff = bandwidth × (1 - overhead%) var tEffMbps = bwMbps * (1 - overheadPct / 100);

// 8. Throughput efficiency (goodput / raw bandwidth) // η = T_eff / bandwidth × 100 var efficiency = tEffMbps / bwMbps * 100;

// 9. File transfer time (if provided) var fileHTML = ''; if (!isNaN(fileMB) && fileMB > 0) { var fileBits = fileMB * 1024 * 1024 * 8; // Transfer time = latency (first packet) + remaining data / effective throughput var tTransFileSec = fileBits / (tEffMbps * 1e6); var tTotalFileSec = tTransFileSec + tTotalMs / 1000; var tTotalFileMin = tTotalFileSec / 60; fileHTML = 'File Transfer (' + fileMB.toFixed(2) + ' MB)' + 'Raw Transfer Time' + tTransFileSec.toFixed(4) + ' s (' + tTotalFileMin.toFixed(4) + ' min)' + 'Transfer Time incl. Latency' + tTotalFileSec.toFixed(4) + ' s'; }

// ── Format output ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── res.innerHTML = '### Results ' + '' + 'Delay Components' + 'Propagation Delay (one-way)' + tPropMs.toFixed(4) + ' ms' + 'Transmission Delay (per hop)' + tTransMs.toFixed(4) + ' ms' + 'Processing Delay (total, ' + hops + ' hops)' + tProcTotal.toFixed(4) + ' ms' + 'Queuing Delay (total, ' + hops + ' hops)' + tQueuTotal.toFixed(4) + ' ms' + 'Total Latency' + 'One-Way Latency' + tTotalMs.toFixed(4) + ' ms' + 'Round-Trip Time (RTT)' + rttMs.toFixed(4) + ' ms' + 'Throughput & Capacity' + 'Raw Bandwidth' + bwMbps.toFixed(2) + ' Mbps' + 'Effective Throughput (after ' + overheadPct + '% overhead)' + tEffMbps.toFixed(4) + ' Mbps' + 'Throughput Efficiency' + efficiency.toFixed(2) + '%' + 'Bandwidth-Delay Product (BDP)' + bdpBits.toFixed(0) + ' bits (' + bdpMB.toFixed(4) + ' MB)' + fileHTML + ''; }

#### Formulas Used

Propagation Delay: tprop = Distance (m) / Propagation Speed (m/s)

Transmission Delay: ttrans = Packet Size (bits) / Bandwidth (bps)

Total One-Way Latency: L = tprop + N × (ttrans + tproc + tqueue) where N = number of hops

Round-Trip Time (RTT): RTT = 2 × L

Bandwidth-Delay Product (BDP): BDP = Bandwidth (bps) × RTT (s) — bits simultaneously "in flight" in the pipe

Effective Throughput: Teff = Bandwidth × (1 − Overhead%/100)

File Transfer Time: tfile = File Size (bits) / Teff (bps) + L

#### Assumptions & References

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References

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